%0 Journal Article %T Comparative Kinetic Study of Palladium(II) Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Oxidation of Ambroxol Hydrochloride with Potassium Permanganate in an Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Mechanistic Approach %J Physical Chemistry Research %I Iranian Chemical Society %Z 2322-5521 %A K. S., Ravindra %A Shastry, Vidyavati A. %A S., Shashidhar %A Kumar, Mohan %D 2023 %\ 12/01/2023 %V 11 %N 4 %P 865-875 %! Comparative Kinetic Study of Palladium(II) Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Oxidation of Ambroxol Hydrochloride with Potassium Permanganate in an Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Mechanistic Approach %K Kinetics %K oxidation %K Ambroxol hydrochloride %K Potassium permanganate %K Sodium Hydroxide %R 10.22036/pcr.2022.361486.2191 %X The comparative kinetic study of the oxidation process of ambroxol hydrochloride (AMH) by potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in an alkaline aqueous environment in the presence and absence of palladium (II) catalyst has been analyzed at 25oC. The reaction shows the dependence of the first order on KMnO4 and fractional order with respect to AMH, sodium hydroxide medium. The addition of the salt component has no effect on the reaction. Dependence of temperature, dielectric constant and intervention of free radicals had been also studied. The reaction stoichiometry was found to be 1:1 relative to the substrate and oxidant respectively. The obtained oxidation products are identified as 2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzaldehyde hydrochloride and 4-aminocyclohexanone by liquid chromatography-mass spectra. Thermodynamic parameters such as, change in entropy, enthalpy and free energy, and activation energy regarding the slow step of the mechanism are calculated and included in the table. Moreover, a suitable mechanism for the reaction is proposed and rate laws are derived and verified. %U https://www.physchemres.org/article_164611_a2da269901a4db1a5111cecb1f11a852.pdf