Physical Chemistry Research

Preparation and Characterization of CdS/SnO2 Nanoparticles as Catalyst-degraded Products

Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

Fadhela M. Hussein 1
Yousif Kadhim Abdulamir 2
Muhammed Mizher Radhi 3
Ramzei .R. ALAni 4
Emad Abbas Jaffar Al-Mulla 5

1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyha University, Baghdad, Iraq

2 Al-Turath University, Baghdad. Iraq

3 Health and Medical Techniques College-Baghdad, Iraq

4 College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, 54001 An-Najaf, Iraq

5 College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq

https://doi.org/10.22036/pcr.2025.530917.2698
Abstract
CdS/SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol–gel method using thioglycerol as a complexing agent. The effects of CdS/SnO2 nanoparticle concentration, initial concentration of p-nitrotoluene, pH, and temperature were determined. The nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–visible reduction spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy technique (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Doping of CdS nanoparticles with SnO2 lead to alteration in electronic, absorption and has a band gap of 4.1 eV. The average diameter of particles and average roughness of CdS/SnO2 are (93.83 and 5.99) nm .The particle size measured by spectral techniques was approximately 40 nm. The photo degradation of p-nitrotoluene was noticed, and the kinetic studies indicated a reaction to pseudo-first-order and a decrease in rate reaction with rising initial concentration for p-nitrotoluene. The rate of photo degradation decreased when the concentration of CdS/SnO2 nanoparticles exceeded 0.075 g L−1.

Graphical Abstract

Preparation and Characterization of CdS/SnO2 Nanoparticles as Catalyst-degraded Products

Keywords

CdS/SnO2 nanoparticle
Sol-gel method
Kinetic study
Photo degradation
Surface area
AFM

Subjects

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Physical Chemistry Research
Volume 13, Issue 4
Autumn 2025
Pages 721-729

  • Receive Date 21 June 2025
  • Revise Date 02 August 2025
  • Accept Date 31 August 2025